land plants text index | photo index - index of marine plants: seaweeds | seagrasses
seaweeds | seagrasses | mangroves | coastal plants
Text index of land plants on Singapore shores
currently mainly mangroves, shores, coastal forests with some also found in other wild places.
Don't know the name of the plant? Try the plant photo index.
  Family Aizoaceae
  Sesuvium portulacastrum (Gelang laut)

  Family Acanthaceae
  Acanthus sp. (Jeruju)
Acanthus ebracteatus (Jeruju hitam) (VU: Vulnerable)
Acanthus ilicifolius (Jeruju putih)
Acanthus volubilis (Jeruju) (VU: Vulnerable)
Avicennia in general
Avicennia alba (Api-api putih)
Avicennia marina (Api-api jambu) (CR: Critically Endangered)
Avicennia officinalis (Api-api ludat)
Avicennia rumphiana (Api-api bulu)

  Family Amaryllidaceae
  Crinum asiaticum (Bakung or Seashore spider lily) (CR: Critically Endangered)

  Family Apocynaceae
  Cerbera manghas (Pink-eyed pong pong tree) (CR: Critically Endangered)
Cerbera odollam (Yellow-eyed pong pong tree) (VU: Vulnerable)
Dischidia major (Mangrove ant-house plant)
Hoya sp. (Mangrove wax plant)

  Family Areceae (Palmae)
  Areca catechu (Pinang palm or betel-nut palm)
Caryota mitis (Fishtail palm)
Nypa fruticans (Nipah palm) (VU: Vulnerable)

  Family Aspleniaceae
  Asplenium nidus (Birds' nest fern)

  Family Apocynaceae
  Finlaysonia obovata (Kalak kambing) (CR: Critically Endangered)

  Family Bignoniaceae
  Dolichandrone spathacea (Tui or Mangrove trumpet tree) (CR: Critically Endangered)

  Family Bombacaceae
  Durio zibethinus (Durian)

  Family Caricaceae
  Carica papaya (Papaya tree)

  Family Casuarinaceae
  Casuarina equisetifolia (Rhu or Casuarina tree)

  Family Celastraceae
  Cassine viburnifolia (Kempudang baran) (CR: Critically Endangered)

  Family Clusiaceae
  Calophyllum inophyllum (Penaga laut) (CR: Critically Endangered)
Calophyllum soulattri (Bintangor bunut) (CR: Critically Endangered)

  Family Combretaceae
  Lumnitzera littorea (Teruntum merah) (EN: Endangered)
Lumnitzera racemosa (Teruntum putih) (EN: Endangered)
Terminalia catappa (Ketapang or Sea almond)

  Family Convolvulaceae
  Ipomoea pes-caprae (Beach morning glory)

  Family Dilleniaceae
  Dillenia suffruticosa (Simpoh air)

  Family Euphorbiaceae
  Excoecaria agallocha (Buta-buta or Blind-your-eye)
Hevea brasiliensis (Rubber tree)
Suregada multiflora (Limau hantu)

  Family Fabaceae/Leguminosae
  Adenanthera pavonina (Saga tree)
Caesalpinia bonduc (Bonduc) (CR: Critically Endangered)
Caesalpinia crista (Kuku tupai) (VU: Vulnerable)
Canavalia cathartica (Poisonous sea bean)
Canavalia maritima (Sea bean)
Derris trifoliata (Common derris)
Desmodium umbellatum (Petai laut)
Flemingia strobilifera (Serengan)
Intsia bijuga (Ipil) (CR: Critically Endangered)
Leucaena leucocephala (Petai jawa)
Peltophorum pterocarpum (Yellow flame)
Pongamia pinnata (Mempari) (EN: Endangered)
Tamarindus indica (Asam or Tamarind tree)

  Family Flagellariaceae
  Flagellaria indica (Rotan tikus)

  Family Goodeniaceae
  Scaevola taccada (Merambong or Sea lettuce)

  Family Lamiaceae
  Clerodendrum inerme (Gambir laut or Wild jasmine)

  Family Lauraceae
  Cassytha filiformis (Rambut putri)

  Family Lecythidaceae
  Barringtonia asiatica (Putat laut or Sea poison) (CR: Critically Endangered)
Barringtonia racemosa (Putat sungei) (CR: Critically Endangered)

  Family Loganiaceae/Gentianaceae
  Fagraea auriculata (Pelir musang) (CR: Critically Endangered)
Fagraea fragrans (Tembusu)
Fagraea racemosa (Sepuleh) (EN: Endangered)

  Family Lythraceae
  Pemphis acidula (Mentigi) (CR: Critically Endangered)
Sonneratia in general
Sonneratia alba (Perepat)
Sonneratia caseolaris (Berembang) (CR: Critically Endangered)
Sonneratia ovata (Gedabu) (CR: Critically Endangered)

  Family Malpighiaceae
  Tristellateia australasiae (Maiden's jealousy)

  Family Malvaceae
  Brownlowia tersa (Dungun air) (EN: Endangered)
Heritiera littoralis (Dungun) (EN: Endangered)
Talipariti tiliaceus (Sea hibiscus)
Thespesia populnea (Baru-baru or Portia tree)

  Family Melastomataceae
  Memecylon edule (Delek air) (CR: Critically Endangered)
 Melastoma malabathricum (Senduduk)

  Family Meliaceae
  Xylocarpus in general
Xylocarpus granatum (Nyireh bunga)
Xylocarpus moluccensis (Nyireh batu) (EN: Endangered)
Xylocarpus rumphii (Nyireh laut) (CR: Critically Endangered)

  Family Moraceae
  Artocarpus heterophyllus (Nangka)

Ficus in general (Figs)
Ficus benjamina (Waringin)
Ficus consociata (Brown-scurfy fig)
Ficus crassiramea (Collared fig)
Ficus elastica (India-rubber tree)
Ficus microcarpa (Jejawi)
Ficus variegata (Common red stem-fig)

  Family Myrtaceae
  Psidium guajava (Guava tree)
Melaleuca cajuputi (Gelam or Kayu putih)
Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Kemunting)
Syzygium grande (Jambu air laut or Sea apple)
Syzygium malaccense (Jambu bol)
Syzygium zeylanicum (Kelat nasi nasi)

  Family Myristicaceae
  Knema globularia (Seashore nutmeg) (CR: Critically Endangered)

  Family Nepenthaceae
  Nepenthes rafflesiana (Raffles' pitcher plant) (VU: Vulnerable)

  Family Olacaceae
  Ximenia americana (Bedara laut)

  Family Oxalidaceae
  Averrhoa carambola (Star-fruit tree)

  Family Pandanaceae
  Pandanus tectorius (Mengkuang or Seashore pandan)

  Family Pittosporaceae
  Pittosporum ferrugineum (Belalang puak) (VU: Vulnerable)

  Family Podocarpaceae
  Podocarpus polystachyus (Sea teak) (CR: Critically Endangered)

  Family Polypodiaceae
  Drymoglossum piloselloides (Dragon scales)

  Family Primulaceae
  Aegiceras corniculatum (Kachang-kachang) (EN: Endangered)
Ardisia elliptica (Mata pelandok) (EN: Endangered)

  Family Pteridaceae
  Acrostichum in general
Acrostichum aureum (Piai raya)
Acrostichum speciosum (Piai lasa)

  Family Rhamnaceae
  Colubrina asiatica (Peria laut)

  Family Rhizophoraceae
 

Bruguiera in general
Bruguiera cylindrica (Bakau putih)
Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (Tumu)
Bruguiera hainesii (Bakau mata buaya) (CR: Critically Endangered)
Bruguiera parviflora (Lenggadai) (EN: Endangered)
Bruguiera sexangula (Tumu berau) (CR: Critically Endangered)

Ceriops in general
Ceriops tagal (Tengar putih) (VU: Vulnerable)
Ceriops zippeliana (Tengar merah) (EN: Endangered)

Kandelia candel (Pisang-pisang) (CR: Critically Endangered)

Rhizophora in general
Rhizophora apiculata (Bakau minyak)
Rhizophora mucronata (Bakau kurap)
Rhizophora stylosa (Bakau pasir) (VU: Vulnerable)

  Family Rubiaceae
  Coffea sp. (Coffee)
Guettarda speciosa (Ketapang pasir or Beach gardenia)
Ixora congesta (Jarum-jarum)
Morinda citrifolia (Noni or Mengkudu)
 Morinda umbellata (Menguku akar)
Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea (Chengam)

  Family Rutaceae
  Merope angulata (Limau lelang) (CR: Critically Endangered)

  Family Sapindaceae
  Allophylus cobbe (Tit-berry)

  Family Sapotaceae
  Manilkara zapota (Chiku)
Pouteria linggensis (Nyatoh) (CR: Critically Endangered)
Pouteria obovata (Misi or Sea gutta)

  Family Simaroubaceae
  Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali) (CR: Critically Endangered)

  Family Sterculiaceae
  Theobroma cacao (Chocolate tree)

  Family Taccaceae
  Tacca leontopetaloides (Seashore bat lily) (CR: Critically Endangered)

  Family Theaceae
  Adinandra dumosa (Tiup-tiup)

  Family Verbenaceae
  Clerodendrum inerme (Gambir laut or Wild jasmine)
Premna corymbosa (Buas buas)

in red are those listed among the threatened plants of Singapore from Davison, G.W. H. and P. K. L. Ng and Ho Hua Chew, 2008. The Singapore Red Data Book: Threatened plants and animals of Singapore.

About citing this checklist.



photo index of
plants on this site
all plants

seaweeds

seagrasses

mangrove & seashore plants
creepers
climbers, vines
herbs
ferns
palms, pandans

mangrove & seashore
shrubs<2m
thick/leathery leaves
thin leaves

seashore
trees>2m
type of leaves
small simple
large simple
compound, others

mangrove trees
small oval fruits and pneumatophores

long cylindrical fruits
with knee roots
with buttressed roots
with stilt roots

large round fruits

others
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