hard corals text index | photo index
Phylum Cnidaria > Class Anthozoa > Subclass Zoantharia/Hexacorallia
Photo index of hard corals on Singapore shores
Colony boulder-shaped, corallites circular or ring-shaped




Zebra coral
Oulastrea crispata



Meteor coral
Cyphastrea sp.



Pock-marked coral
Plesiastrea versipora
   
Colonies 10-15cm, encrusting to small boulder-shaped. Corallites (about 0.5cm) with separate walls, white on a black background. The background skeleton remains black even after the colony is dead. Polyps with thin tentacles. Colours brownish, sometimes with greenish tinge. Rocky shores and rubble. Commonly seen on our Nothern shores. Colonies 10-20cm, irregular boulder-shaped. Corallites with thick separate walls, circular. Corallites are packed close to, but not squashed against one another. Colours green, yellow, orange, brown, blue and purple. Commonly seen on our Southern shores. Colonies 10-20cm, irregular boulder-shaped. Corallites with separate walls, circular. Corallites are not packed close to one another. Colours green, blue. Sometimes seen on our Northern shores.    
         
   



Trumpet coral
Caulastraea sp.



Lobed brain coral
Lobophyllia sp.



Moon coral
Diploastrea heliopora
    Colonies 10-20cm, hemi-spherical. Corallites tubular and branched with eye-shaped tops about 0.5-1cm across, and fine 'teeth'. Colours beige, brown, blue and greenish or purplish. Seen on our Southern shores. Colonies 10-20cm, hemi-spherical. Corallites tubular and branched with irregular lobe-shaped tops 2-5cm across, and large spiky 'teeth'. Colours brown, blue and greenish or purplish. Seen on our Southern shores. Colonies about 15cm, encrusting. Corallites (1cm) neat domes with small central openings, regularly spaced with neat radiating walls. Colours pinkish and brown. Seen on our Southern shores.
         



Small ring coral
Family Merulinidae



Big ring coral
Family Merulinidae



Purple and white
ring coral

Family Merulinidae
 



Small goniopora coral
Goniopora sp.
Colonies 10-15cm, smooth boulder-shaped. Corallites with separate walls, generally circular. Colours brown, blue and green. Commonly seen on our Southern shores. Colonies 10-15cm, smooth boulder-shaped. Corallites distorted ovals with separate walls that are thick with regular ridges and no big 'teeth' sticking out. Polyps fleshy with many short tentacles. Colours blue, purple and green. Commonly seen on our Southern shores. Colonies 10-15cm, smooth boulder-shaped. Corallites with separate walls with tiny sharp 'teeth', generally circular. Corallites closely packed against one another. Colours purple with white. Commonly seen on many of our shores. Seen on our Southern shores.   Colonies 10-12cm, boulder-shaped or encrusting. Polyps (0.5-1cm in diameter), 24 tentacles, short body column (0.5-1cm). Corallites circular or hexagonal. Colours seen include purple, pink, greenish, yellow and brown. Commonly seen our Southern shores.

These are NOT hard corals, they are zoanthids



Sea mat zoanthids
Palythoa tuberculosa



Broad disk zoanthids
Palythoa mutuki



Button zoanthids
Zoanthus
sp.
   
Colony 20-40cm, encrusts rocks and rubble like a rubbery mat. Polyps 1-2cm in diameter embedded in this common tissue, short or no body column. Coral rubble, boulders. Commonly seen on our Southern shores.
Colony 5-10cm, a cluster of a few individual polyps. Polyp 1-2cm with long body column, broad oral disk. On coral rubble. Commonly seen on our Southern shores. Colony10-15cm, encrusting small stones and rubble sometimes forming dense carpet. Polyps about 1cm with long body column, oral disk appears to be split into two. Commonly seen on our shores.    



photo index of
cnidarians on this site
Phylum Cnidaria
with hard skeleton

polyp shape
long tentacles

colony shape
  leafy

crinkled


plate


branching
  thick branches
thin branches
  boulder
  Corallite shape
ring
hexagonal
brain or maze

others

colony unattached
(mushroom hard coral)
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