Phylum Chordata
> Subphylum Vertebrata > Class Reptilia |
Sea
turtles
Family
Cheloniidae
updated
Oct 2019
Where
seen? Adult sea turtles are sometimes sighted near our
Southern Islands. While there have been several incidents of baby
sea turtles hatching on our shores, including East Coast Park!
Features: Marine turtles are air-breathing
reptiles that live out at sea. They only return to land to lay their
eggs on sandy beaches. Superbly adapated to life at sea, the sea turtles
limbs are modified into oar-like flippers. As adults many migrate,
some for very long distances. Studies show that sea turtles found
in Singapore waters may nest on shores in our neighbouring countries,
and possibly visa versa.
Globally, there are 7 sea turtle species belonging to two families.
The two species most commonly encountered in Singapore are the Green
turtle and the Hawksbill turtle.
Hawksbill
turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata): To about 90cm.
Its jaws are distinctly hook-shaped and are used to crunch crabs
and shells. The edge of the shell towards the back is serrated
and not smooth. It eats mainly sponges but also other animals.
It is found near reefs. This is the sea turtle that is harvested
for its shell, used in 'tortoise shell' products.
Green turtle (Chelonia
mydas): To about 1.5m or more. Jaws are not hooked shaped
and the edge of shell is smooth. Their common name arose from
the colour of the cartilage and fat deposits around their internal
organs. Adults eat mainly or only seagrasses and thus found near
coastal areas with seagrass meadows. Juveniles are omnivorous
and eat seaweeds, crabs and squid.
|
Young
sea turtle found resting
in the man-made lagoon.
Sisters Island, Jul 10
Photo
shared by Toh Chay Hoon on her
blog. |
Kusu Island, Sep 13
Photo
shared by Leong Chin Rick on facebook. |
Hawksbill turtle
(serrated edge of shell at the back).
Pulau
Semakau, Nov 07
Photo
shared by Teo Siyang on his
blog. |
Stranded
baby sea turtles: In recent years, there were incidents
of sea turtle hatchlings going in the 'wrong' direction when they
emerged from the sandy shores of East Coast Park. Why do they do
this? Baby sea turtles' natural instinct is to head towards the
sea. In nature, starlight and moonlight on the water would guide
them in the right direction. However, in urbanised shores like ours,
light from our parks, streets and other human activities disorientate
them. As a result, they head in the wrong direction and usually
come to a sad end.
What to do with sea turtles stranded on
the beach? If you spot any sea turtles on our shores,
call the Police or NParks (Helpline number: 1800 4717300, or any
other emergency number that you can see posted on signage in the
park). They will then activate the Standard Operating Procedure
to rescue them.
Status and threats: Our sea
turtles are listed as 'Critically Endangered' on the Red List of
threatened animals of Singapore. These species are also globally
'Critically Endangered'. Globally, sea turtles are threatened by
overharvesting of their eggs, and as adults for their meat and shells.
Sea turtles also drown when trapped in fishing lines and nets, and
die a slow and painful death when they accidentally eat plastic
bags and other marine debris. Their nesting beaches are also lost
to reclamation or affected by coastal development, light and chemical
pollution and other human activities nearby. |
Sea
turtle seen attempting to lay eggs.
East Coast Park, Jul 13
Photo
shared by David Tan on facebook. |
Baby
sea turtle seen in the man-made lagoon.
They were eventually released into the sea.
Kusu Island, Sep 09 |
Bones of a dead sea turtle in an abandoned net.
Pulau Semakau, Mar 19 |
Sea turtles on Singapore shores |
Other sightings on Singapore shores |
East
Coast Park, May 06
Photos
shared by Sivasothi on his
blog. |
Rescued
hawksbill turtle hatchlings. |
Searching
for lost Hawksbill hatchlings. |
Terumbu Semakau, Aug 17
Photos
shared by Jonathan Tan on facebook.
|
Dead sea turtle washed ashore.
Pulau Tekukor, Jun 16
Photo shared by Loh Kok Sheng on facebook. |
Sea
turtles recorded for Singapore
from
Wee Y.C. and Peter K. L. Ng. 1994. A First Look at Biodiversity
in Singapore.
*Lim, Kelvin K. P. & Jeffrey K. Y. Low, 1998. A Guide to the Common
Marine Fishes of Singapore.
in red are those listed among the threatened
animals of Singapore from Davison, G.W. H. and P. K. L.
Ng and Ho Hua Chew, 2008. The Singapore Red Data Book: Threatened
plants and animals of Singapore.
|
Caretta
caretta (Loggerhead sea turtle)
Chelonia mydas (Green sea
turtle) (CR: Critically Endangered)
Eretmochelys imbricata (Hawksbill
turtle) (CR: Critically Endangered) |
|
Dermochelys
coriacea (Leatherback turtle) |
|
Links
Past
sea turtle sightings in Singapore
References
- Ng Juat Ying, Collin H. Y. Tong & Koh Kwan Siong. A carcass of an olive ridley turtle at East Coast beach. 31 May 2019. Singapore Biodiversity Records 2019: 65-66 ISSN 2345-7597. National University of Singapore.
- Lim, Kelvin
K. P. & Francis L K Lim, 1992. A
Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Singapore Singapore Science Centre. 160 pp.
- Cox, Merel
J., Peter Paul van Dijk, Jarujin Nabhitabhata and Kumthorn Thirakhupt.
1998. A
Photographic Guide to Snakes and Other Reptiles of Thailand, Peninsular
Malaysia and Singapore
New Holland.
- Davison,
G.W. H. and P. K. L. Ng and Ho Hua Chew, 2008. The Singapore
Red Data Book: Threatened plants and animals of Singapore.
Nature Society (Singapore). 285 pp.
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